μῦθοι Mythoi
Motif

Primeval water: In the beginning everything is covered with water.

Mythological motifs. · Cosmogony and cosmology. · –A899. The earth. · –A839. Creation of the earth. · Primeval water. · view the constellation · filed as A810

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Attested across traditions
On our shelf — the index’s citations, resolved to served chapters
The motif on our shelf — written from the served texts; every claim cited  receipt

Thompson lodged some eighteen authorities under the primeval water — Babylonian, Egyptian, Jewish, Siberian, a page of Oceania; exactly one resolves to served text, and it is the opening of our Kalevala. Before land exists, the daughter of the Ether comes down to the sea, conceives by wind and wave, and cannot get out: "Seven hundred years she wandered"; "Thus she swam as water-mother" [The Kalevala, Rune I]. The all-water state of the world is proved by a bird's survey: the duck seeking a nest "Cannot find a grassy hillock", "Not the smallest bit of verdure" [ibid.]. And land, when it comes, is not uncovered but made from the swimmer's body: "Where her hand she turned in water, / There arose a fertile hillock", until "Rocks were fastened in the ocean" and "Pillars of the sky were planted" [ibid.]. (The shattered world-egg on the same page has its own address, A641.) The water here is womb, not enemy — it carries the mother nine ages before it yields a shore. The remaining seventeen rows, Marquesas to Quiché, wait on wiring: a motif whose point is that everyone begins in water at present begins, for us, only in Finland.

Witnesses: The Kalevala, Rune I

Scholars’ trail — 17references

The index’s own references — the collections where scholars sighted this story-shape, tradition by tradition. Titles on our shelf are live links; the rest is the frontier, not yet shelved.

  • Icel.MacCulloch Eddic 325–26
  • FinnishKalevala rune 1 → on our shelf: The Kalevala, Rune I
  • EgyptianMüller 48
  • BabylonianSpence 71
  • JewishNeuman
  • SiberianHolmberg Siberian 313ff.
  • Buddhist mythMalalasekera II 786
  • India*Thompson-Balys. – Batak: Voorhoeve Oversicht 63ff.
  • MarquesasHandy 122
  • Marshall Is.Davenport 221
  • OceanicDixon 8 n. 7 (Maori), 18f. (Samoa), 20 (Society Is., Tonga), 105 (Admiralty Is., Polynesia, Indonesia, Micronesia), 157 (Minahassa), 158f. (Borneo), 248f. (Marshall Is., Yap), 270 (Arunta)
  • Quichéibid. 160.
  • general **Dh I 1–89 passim
  • general Gaster Oldest Stories 69. – Irish myth: Cross
  • general Bushongo: Werner African 144, African: Stanley 5
  • general S. Am. Indian (Guarayu): Métraux BBAE CXLIII (3) 437. – N. Am. Indian: *Thompson Tales 279 n. 29, Alexander N. Am. 260 (Haida), (Calif.): Gayton and Newman 53
  • general Mixtec: Alexander Lat. Am. 86
Within the index
9 finer motifs beneath it
God and Devil fly together over primeval waterPrimeval water to subside in a specified timeEarth brought up from bottom of primeval water. (Cf. A812.)Earth Diver. From a raft in the primeval sea, the creator sends down animals to try to bring up earth. After a number of animals have failed, one (often the muskrat) succeeds. The earth is made from the bit brought upRaft in primeval sea. Creator is on the raft and there creates the earth. (Cf. A812.)Earth from object thrown on primeval waterEarth from turtle's back. Earth erected on back of a turtle floating in primeval water. (Cf. A844.1.)Earth rises from seaEarth let down from sky on to primeval ocean
Keeps company with — shares receipted episodes
Woman who fell from the sky. – Daughter of the sky-chief falls from the sky, is caught by birds, and lowered to the surface of the water. She becomes the creatorCulture hero snatched from mother's sideCosmic egg. The universe brought forth from an eggCreation from duck's eggs. Upper vault from half shell, lower vault from half shell, moonbeams from whites, sunshine from yellows, starlight from motley parts, clouds from dark partsEarth Diver. From a raft in the primeval sea, the creator sends down animals to try to bring up earth. After a number of animals have failed, one (often the muskrat) succeeds. The earth is made from the bit brought upEarth from turtle's back. Earth erected on back of a turtle floating in primeval water. (Cf. A844.1.)Topographical features caused by experiences of primitive hero (demigod, deity). Footprints of the gods, thoroughfares of heroes, etcConception from wind. (Cf. A715.2, F611.1.9.)Long pregnancy. Delayed by an enemy who bewitches the mother

wander